The History of Simbang Gabi

Simbang Gabi

We cannot deny the fact that “Simbang Gabi” (also called Misa del Gallo) has been an indispensable part of the Filipino Christmas Tradition. Starting December 16, Filipinos, usually with their families and friends, rush through the nearest church to attend the mass which starts as early as 4:00 AM. This scene would continue for a total of nine days, until December 24. It has been said that if you completed the nine consecutive masses, your Christmas wish would be granted.

The origin of Simbang Gabi can be traced back in 1660, during the early years of Christianity in the Philippines. During the season of advent, missionary friars held masses for nine consecutive days as preparation for the coming of Jesus Christ. In addtion, they decided to celebrate these masses at dawn, when the roosters (or gallo) announce the beginning of the day. Thus, the name Misa del Gallo (literally, Rooster’s Mass) was introduced.

The masses are celebrated early so that our Filipino ancestors, who are commonly farmers by occupation, can still manage to attend without abandoning their fields. It has been a routine that Filipinos would walk or ride their carretela (carabao sleds) and head to the nearest church at 4:00 AM. After the one hour mass, they would proceed to their fields and work. They follow this routine until the day before Christmas.

That is how Simbang Gabi or Misa del Gallo became a Filipino Christmas Tradition. Up to these days, it is still observed, as this tradition is passed from generation to generation. It may mean differently to different individuals but one thing remains true: Simbang Gabi is an important part of the Filipino Culture and a heart-felt devotion to God and the Blessed Virgin Mary.